Advances in Geosciences
Advances in Geosciences
ADGEO
Articles | Volume 45
Articles | Volume 45
https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-85-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-85-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 45
07 Aug 2018
 | 07 Aug 2018

The effect of a density gradient in groundwater on ATES system efficiency and subsurface space use

Martin Bloemendal and Theo N. Olsthoorn

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Latest update: 09 Jun 2026
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Short summary
Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage Systems (ATES) save energy for heating and cooling. They are often placed in aquifers in which salinity increases with depth (in coastal areas where urbanization is high). The seasonally alternating extraction and re-injection between ATES wells disturbs the preexisting ambient salinity gradient which trigger buoyancy flow, which in turn affects the recovery efficiency of these systems. This paper shows under which condtions this is a threat for ATES systems.
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