Articles | Volume 52
https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-52-97-2020
https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-52-97-2020
24 Nov 2020
 | 24 Nov 2020

Variations of low temperature fumaroles as a tool for detecting changes in volcanic activity state: a brief overview

Paolo Madonia

Cited articles

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Calvari, S., Bonaccorso, A., Madonia, P., Neri, M., Liuzzo, G., Salerno, G., Behncke, B., Caltabiano, T., Cristaldi, A., Giuffrida, G., La Spina, A., Marotta, E., Ricci, T., and Spampinato, L.: Major eruptive style changes induced by structural modifications of a shallow conduit system: the 2007–2012 Stromboli case, Bull. Volcanol., 76, 841, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-014-0841-7, 2014. 
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Short summary
Fumarolic fields with near-surface temperature <100°C are very common features of volcanoes. Their space/time variability is controlled by hydro-meteorological conditions, vapor flow and permeability, reflecting changes of volcanic activity. Since the thermal monitoring of these fumaroles is a low cost, up-to-date technique, it has been successfully applied in volcanic surveillance programs of Italian active volcanoes, giving useful insights on the evolution of their activity state.