Participation of women scientists in ESA solar system missions: a historical trend
Arianna Piccialli
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Planetary Aeronomy, Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, 3 av. Circulaire, 1180 Brussels, Belgium
Julie A. Rathbun
Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, USA
Anny-Chantal Levasseur-Regourd
LATMOS/IPSL, Sorbonne Université, UVSQ, CNRS, Paris, France
Anni Määttänen
LATMOS/IPSL, Sorbonne Université, UVSQ, CNRS, Paris, France
Anna Milillo
INAF, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
Miriam Rengel
Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Göttingen, Germany
Alessandra Rotundi
INAF, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
Matt Taylor
ESA, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, the Netherlands
Olivier Witasse
ESA, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, the Netherlands
Francesca Altieri
INAF, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
Pierre Drossart
LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Denis Diderot, 92195 Meudon, France
Ann Carine Vandaele
Planetary Aeronomy, Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, 3 av. Circulaire, 1180 Brussels, Belgium
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Charlotte Goetz, Herbert Gunell, Fredrik Johansson, Kristie LLera, Hans Nilsson, Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, and Matthew G. G. T. Taylor
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Jean-Baptiste Renard, Gwenaël Berthet, Anny-Chantal Levasseur-Regourd, Sergey Beresnev, Alain Miffre, Patrick Rairoux, Damien Vignelles, and Fabrice Jégou
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Water and sulfuric acid droplets are the main component of stratospheric aerosols. Field measurements have shown that non-sulfate materials (NSPs) are also present. NSPs, released from Earth and from space, present a wide variety of sizes, compositions and shapes. New balloon counting measurements have shown the presence of enhanced-concentrations layers. We may conclude that the concentrations and the vertical distributions of NSPs are highly variable and mainly originate from Earth.
Thomas Honig, Olivier G. Witasse, Hugh Evans, Petteri Nieminen, Erik Kuulkers, Matt G. G. T. Taylor, Bernd Heber, Jingnan Guo, and Beatriz Sánchez-Cano
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Maik Riechert, Andrew P. Walsh, Alexander Gerst, and Matthew G. G. T. Taylor
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Astronauts on board the International Space Station have taken thousands of high-quality images of the northern and southern lights (aurorae). Because the images were not taken as part of a specific research project, no information about exactly where the camera was pointing was available. We have used the stars in the images to reconstruct this information. Now we can tell the latitudes and longitudes of the aurorae in the images and use them for research. The data are publicly available.
D. Koschny, F. Bettonvil, J. Licandro, C. v. d. Luijt, J. Mc Auliffe, H. Smit, H. Svedhem, F. de Wit, O. Witasse, and J. Zender
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 2, 339–348, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2-339-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2-339-2013, 2013
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Short summary
As a way of measuring success in planetary science, we analyzed the participation of female scientists in ESA Solar System missions: we counted the original science team members of 10 missions over a period of 38 years and determined the percentage of women within each team. Although the number of female scientists in the field has been constantly increasing in Europe, we found that gender gaps that existed 38 years ago have persisted into the present.
As a way of measuring success in planetary science, we analyzed the participation of female...