Qatar is located on the eastern portion of the stable shelf of the Arabian Plate. The surface of Qatar is mostly characterized by low to moderate relief, with the highest elevations measuring 103 meters above sea level located in the southern western part of the peninsula. Aeolian sand dunes are the most significant topographic feature in Qatar, covering approximately 12 % of the country's total surface area.

15ky ago a great eruption occurred in the Campi Flegrei. The Neapolitan Yellow Tuff, produced by this eruption extended itself for more than 1000 km² and represents an easily recognizable level both in the Tyrrhenian Sea and on land. Here, through a seismostratigraphic study, we have identified and described the extension of these deposits in the Gulf of Gaeta. Knowing the areal extension of the Campi Flegrei eruptions deposits, helps to build volcanic risk maps for an area densely populated.